Venus Resonance and Biblical History

Radar observations of Venus’ surface at conjunction show that it points the same surface longitude toward us as it passes. Venus is due to pass Earth and cross the face of the Sun on June 5 in the western USA and June 6 on the other side of the international date line. Each passage is not identical since both Venus and Earth have elliptical orbits. However, every eight years (every fifth conjunction) the orbital parameters are almost identical. If one arranges the conjunctions into five groups each separated by eight years, we find that the surface longitudes at passage do not drift off. The sub conjunction longitudes oscillate plus or minus a few degrees but shows a remarkable rotational resonance with Earth’s orbit.

To view a java applet showing Venus’s rotational resonance click here:
http://godsriddle.com/cosmos/Venus.html
Click the slow or stop buttons to examine the resonance in slow motion

Radar also reveals that Venus has a retrograde rotation. Venus' sidereal rotation (its spin referenced to the distant stars) is 243.0187 earth days. Venus’ sidereal year is 224.7 earth days. The rotation referenced to the stars is longer than the year. The day night cycle (not the same as the sidereal day) is 116.8 earth days because of this slow backwards rotation. The Sun rises in the west and sets in the east every 58.4 earth days.

Venus’ synodic cycle is 583.9 earth days. Five synodic phenomena of Venus equals 2920 days that is within a day of eight years on earth. Every 584 days, the Earth has rotated one orbit plus 215 degrees while Venus has been catching us by completing two orbits plus 215 degrees. Venus spin axis is upside down, pointing to the ecliptic’s south pole instead of the north like most of the planets. Precession is the process of incrementally applying a torque to a rotating body which acts 90 degrees in the direction of rotation and re-orients the spin axis. The tidal effects of a close encounter could have precessed Venus almost 180 degrees.

Did Venus pass close to Earth in the past? The Babylonians recorded which way Venus’s horns pointed when it passed, as though they saw it as we see the moon. The Bible also mentions a close encounter when the stars (kokabiym) fought from their courses. If a hot star closely passed on its course, it would burn us up - not cause heavy rain. The ancients mentioned that Venus had a coma, long hair, a vapor tail. In Hebrew, kokab is Mercury and kokab nogah is Venus. Did these planets pass close to Earth, causing heavy rain and the other catastrophes the ancients mentioned?

The earliest astronomical record during the 21 year reign of king Ammizaduga shows that Venus had a different orbit. It took approximately the same number of days for its synodic cycle. However it spent weeks too long on the far side of the Sun and half the difference too short for both evening and morning phases. It sometimes rushed past earth in one day. Today it takes about eight days between the evening and morning phases. These could only be valid if the whole solar system was smaller a few thousand years ago.
 
It is important to begin your analysis of earth history by examining your assumptions. Scientists always begin every analysis with their prime assumption, which they never question. They believe that atoms do not change themselves as they age because their empiricism depends on that assumption. They use the presumption that the properties of matter are fixed to contrive thousands of operational definitions, mathematical measuring schemes and constants. Scientists are not so interested in what the ancients, including the biblical authors, recorded. They try to decode reality with their symbolical constants. Yet we can see with sight in galactic history how every atom clocked a different frequency long ago. It is not just the atomic clocks that have accelerated, but the orbits have also accelerated as billions of galaxies grew into huge, local,  growth spirals without any evidence of accretion or growth by collisions. Evidently orbits spiral out because the properties of all matter visibly continue to change throughout cosmic history.

Indeed, the Bible says the Earth spreads out in unbroken continuity, which happens above the waters. We find that the continents only fit together on a tiny globe; that the seas are young with the youngest seafloor lying adjacent to a global, volcanic expansion seam; and that the theory of subduction is denied by the layered undisturbed sediments in the “subduction trenches.”

Look at galactic history and observe that what is visible exactly fits the record of creation. Elohim continued to form the Sun, Moon and stars and continued to place them in the spreading place (raqiya) half way through the creation week. We observe how the space matter takes up, its inertial properties and its atomic frequencies continue to change as billions of galaxies at many ranges intrinsically grew, the stars streams continuing to come out. If the same laws are applicable here in the solar system as we observe in cosmic history, then planet orbits must have been close together back when matter clocked less than 1/11th the frequencies of modern atoms.

The picture is from NASA and shows the transit of Venus eight years ago.

SN-1987a

Evolutionists confirm a biblical prediction when they make astronomical “age of the universe” claims. 2 Peter 3:3-5 predicts that mockers will actively ignore the evidence that the ouranoi (plural heavens) esan ekpalai. Ek, in ekpalai, means to come out from a point of origin. Palai has to do with vibrations, repetitive events, orbits. Peter explained that the mockers will actively choose or prefer (thelo) to ignore the evidence that the plural heavens came out long ago because they think all things remain the same (panta houtos diamenei).

On February 23, 1987 an astronomer in Chile noticed an exploding star in the Large Magellanic Cloud. At 0736 UT that day, three underground experiments recorded 25 neutrino events within 13 seconds. Evidently that was when the first light from SN-1987a arrived. The light from the explosion faded but eighty days later it began to brighten to a double peak at 240 and 400 days. We now know that the exploding star is surrounded by gas rings, evidently ejected by previous explosions. The inner ring has an approximate diameter of 0.808 arc seconds (0.00022444 degrees). The front half of the ring glowed with reflected light by day 240 and the reflection from the far side arrived by day 400. A high school student can calculate that the light was in transit for 240 / tan (0.00022444 degrees): over 6,000,000,000 modern days. Scientists assume that days and years are linear when they estimate that the nova occurred 168,000 years ago. Their calculations presume that the properties of all things are fixed, as Peter predicted.

The Bible records genealogies that add up to ~ 4,000 pre New Testament years. If we accept the text literally, in its cultural and grammatical context, those could not be linear years. Elohim continued to form the Sun, Moon and stars and continued to place them in the spreading place (raqiya) half way through the creation week according to the creation account. Orbits that spread apart - accelerate. Jacob claimed that his days and years were shorter and worse than the days and years of the fathers (Genesis 47:9). The Greek words for eon, eons and eonian occur almost 200 times in the New Testament. Christ came at the end of the plural eons to put away sin by the sacrifice of himself. Job mentioned several geological markers for the few days of his life in chapter 14. One of his age markers was the dried sea (Hebrew west). Drill cores show that the deep Mediterranean dried as evidenced by thick layers of salt, gypsum and stromatolites sandwiched between marine oozes. Scientists estimate the last Mediterranean drying occurred five million years ago. The biblical Job lived about 4,000 years ago during the age of dinosaurs (see Job 40 & 41). Job also mentioned how their faces changed, doubled, before they died. We find the skulls of the ancients with thick brows and we measure how our brows slowly grow as we age. If we lived for geological ages our faces would grow Neanderthal. The Neanderthal children did not have the thick brows of their grandparents, evidence that the grandparents lived for eons like the ancient poets and the Bible mentioned. Where is the evidence for linear days and years?

1. Every atomic clock in billions of galaxies clocks a different frequency than modern atoms, and the differences usually correlate with distance. NASA sent calibrated clocks out of the solar system on Pioneer 10 and 11. Their transmitted clock signals  slowed, when compared to NASA’s hydrogen maser clocks. The ratio of frequency slowing to distance was the Hubble ratio scientists use to estimate galactic distances by comparing ancient light clocks with modern atoms.

2. We see strings of blue globs in equally spaced chains  around the redder cores of many early galaxies. We observe, at many ranges, how these globs took up more space and changed their clock frequencies as they moved outward in orbits that did not close. Billions of galaxies visibly grew into local growth spirals without evidence of accretion or growth by collisions.

3. If the same laws are operating in the solar system as we observe in galaxies, (see Job 38:33), then the solar system must have been much smaller when atoms ticked at tiny fractions of the frequencies of modern clocks. Ancient astronomers optically measured a decreasing solar parallax over the centuries, which has continued even after radar established the canonical distance to the Sun using atomic clocks. The earliest astronomical record of Venus could only be valid if the solar system was contracted. Have you ever wondered why the ancients, including the biblical authors, mentioned the crushing of a nearby planet a few millennium ago? The volcanic and sedimentary rocks on angular asteroids and comets support the four references to this planet shattering in the Bible.

4. A river of cold hydrogen links the Magellanic galaxies with the southern end of the Milky way. This is simple evidence that these galaxies were ejected from the Milky Way. The Biblical God says He calls the stars to come out in unbroken continuity and none go missing (Isaiah 40:26). The several rings around the SN-1987a progenitor star suggest that previous explosions did not destroy the star. The material from the latest ejection is oblong, instead of spherical.

5. What could cause solar system orbits to accelerate outwards? We know that the "gravitational effect" does NOT propagate at infinite speed. This should produce a different gravitational “pull” on the trailing side of the Earth than on the leading side. Indeed, paraconical pendulum change their precession rate depending on the relative positions of the Sun, Moon and apparently even the planets. This imbalance must accelerate days and years equally. The same gravitational affects would also accelerate the planet orbits so that the whole solar system should expand.

6. We measure local orbits and they are clock like, screams the scientist. Only when you compare orbits to clocks, instead of angles. But we measure gravity and it does not change! No one has ever isolated any gravity and your measuring system was contrived with the idea that Peter predicted. You assumed that atoms are perpetual motion engines and have built a great structure of mathematical empiricism based on a blind creed. No perpetual motion atoms gleam from billions of ancient galaxies. We visually correlate how atoms keep changing their clock rates along with emerging star stream orbits as spiral galaxies grew into huge growth spirals. Despite the fact that no physical constants are visible in the whole universe, scientists keep on claiming to empirically measure how many years ago an event occurred.

The picture of the Pinwheel Galaxy is courtesy NASA. The red color is infrared (imaged by Spitzer) shining through dust. The yellow is starlight, as imaged by Hubble. Blue represents ultraviolet (imaged by GALEX) and purple represents X-rays from Chandra. When we compare the Pinwheel with earlier spirals, we observe how the stars spread out from formerly naked cores just like the biblical creation account records. How great will be the fall of western science before the literal words of God. Look and be astonished at His great wisdom. He warns us not to be wise in this age because He is taking the wise in their skills (1 Corinthians 3:18 - 20).

The First Principle of Physics

Physics is the foundation of science, yet physics also has a foundation, a first principle. A first principle is an elementary conjecture that is the starting point for a chain of reasoning. It cannot be proved because it is so elementary that its disciples interpret all evidence with their assumption. Today’ teachers do not formally discuss the foundational assumption of modern science because they are unaware of its existence. Plato wrote, "For when a man knows not his own first principle, and when the conclusion and intermediate steps are also constructed out of he knows not what, how can he imagine that such a fabric of convention can ever become science?" [1]
The Greek philosophers debated for several generations seeking for a first principle (arche) to serve as the foundation for a natural science. The earliest philosophers assumed that everything changes and tried to build science on that fundamental premiss. For example, Heraclitus of Ephesus proposed that nothing is permanent except change itself. He imagined that the cosmos is orderly because of change, like a bicycle that is stable because it keeps moving. Anaximenes of Melitus, invented a science based on air. He reasoned that air could cool and turn into clouds and water. If it compressed further, it turned into earth. Earth and water, if heated sufficiently, turned back to air. Air was his first principle and transmutations of air supposedly produced the changes we observe. A century later, Parmenides argued that if everything is really changing, today’s truth would not be the same in another era. Parmenides’ argument caused the philosophers to search for a first principle about changelessness, rather than explain the cosmos with relational changes or transmutations. (Relational change is together-change, things that change in unison).

Plato admitted that everything changes since the beginning: genesis ka phthora. However, he reasoned that a world of ideas, Forms, are unchanging and lie behind the appearance of universal change. Plato’s student, Aristotle, rejected the invisible Forms and argued that we must just assume that all predicates belong already to all subjects (that all properties are fixed). Aristotle certainly understood that things are dynamic and interrelating. He wrote that a substance “remains numerically one and the same while nevertheless taking on varying, even contrary qualities.” [2] He even admitted that things change their form like a baby growing in the womb. His version of changelessness depended on an invisible substratum (hypokeimenon) that supposedly persists unchanged even as everything changes. He wrote, “In general, it is absurd to make the fact that the things of this earth are observed to change and never to remain in the same state, the basis of our judgement about the truth. For in pursuing the truth one must start from the things that are always in the same state and suffer no change.” [3]

Fifteen hundred years later, the Catholic scholastics organized universities in Europe. At first they taught a version of Plato. Then Friar Thomas urged the church to adopt Aristotle’s system. He successfully convinced the scholastics, so that, the universities taught the Aristotelian system for several centuries. The Latin scholars translated the word ousia, (from Greek einai - to be) as - essentia. They translated Aristotle’s hypokeimenon, that which is under, as subiectum. They eventually simplified Aristotle’s difficult metaphysics (by its Latin translations) to: the essence of substance is changeless. Eventually Aristotle’s physics failed, but this elementary assumption became the basic premise of Western science - that substances do not intrinsically change themselves, that the  properties of matter are NOT gradually emerging as things age.

Upon this first principle, generations of scientists constructed a great edifice. For example, they eventually came to believe that clocks measure linear time. Clocks DEFINE time using complex processes - they do not actually measure it, since no one ever detected any “time” or any of its “properties.” If the properties of matter are NOT fixed, then all local clocks could change their rates together. Despite the fact that all distant atomic clocks visibly beat a different tempo than local atoms, scientists use atomic clocks to define most of their measuring units. Almost all scientific definitions, measuring units, methods, mathematics and laws rely on the assumption that the properties of matter are intrinsically fixed. In its modern form, this amounts to ‘atoms are perpetual motion engines’. Scientific empiricism depends on the notion that something is immutable and that it also moves with perpetual motion.

What if atoms are not perpetual motion engines? If atoms change relationally with age, scientists could not measure that component of change with their operationally defined units. (Both sides of a balance scale would change equally so that the same items would continue to balance from year to year, even while they intrinsically changed.) A first principle is the simplest assumption that is the foundation for the entire structure. Science is highly successful locally because the definitions and measuring units were contrived with the one assumption. If matter is always changing as a relation, science would work locally but it could never understand the distant past.
How can we test whether the historical foundation of modern physics is valid? We can see the history of the universe at many ranges (through many eras) exactly as they looked eons ago. Primordial galaxies paper the sky in all directions, possibly trillions of them. Ancient galaxies look like naked seeds, without extended arms. The most distant ones shine at tiny fractions of the light frequencies of modern atoms. We often see them in equally spaced chains with the center galaxy redder than the ones on either side. At closer ranges, we see individual galaxies surrounded by short tails made of equally spaced luminous globs. The globular tails are evidently the beginning stages of galactic arms. This is evident because at many ranges, in countless galaxies, we see how the globs rotated out, spread out, accelerated out as billions of galaxies grew from the insides - out into huge, local, growth spirals. Evidently both the atomic clocks and the star orbits accelerated together as matter continued to take up more space.

Not a single distant galaxy shines with the light frequencies of modern atoms. Scientists instinctively know that this is not allowed in their system. Consequently they invent a mathematical universe crammed full of invisible things to discount all visible evidence that the properties of matter continually emerge. For example, they claim that space-time (an entity no one has ever detected in a lab) alters the frequencies of all light as it passes through the void. The vacuum of space-time must be a powerful force since it allegedly stretches the vacuum of space thereby accelerating distant galaxies to close to the speed of light. The scientific universe is allegedly 72% dark energy that pulls energy out of the vacuum to accelerate the undetectable vacuum expansion. Supposedly 23% of the universe is invisible matter. This invisible stuff is necessary to force billions of galactic orbits to follow their laws of physics. Scientists conjecture that less than 5% of the universe is made of atoms. None of the just-so stories about a big bang, vacuum forces, light stretching, invisible holes in space, accretion of stars and galaxies or invisible matter are necessary if one accepts what is visible, that the properties of matter continually emerge, change relationally. The most powerful evidence that the properties of matter are emerging is how galaxies grew. Galaxies cannot grow from dense, naked objects into huge, local, growth-spirals unless the properties of matter are emerging. Unfortunately, scientists are not trained to examine their historical first principle. They simply assume it in almost everything they do. The picture with this article is Hubble Ultra Deep Field primordial galaxy 4491. Its light shines at less than half the frequencies of modern atoms.  Notice the reddish core that shows a lower light frequency than the emerging appendage made of distinct bluish clumps. Picture courtesy NASA and the Hubble Space Telescope.

Evidence also exists locally against the first principle of science. A global expansion seam runs through every ocean continually forming new basaltic crust. The continents only fit together on a minuscule globe and the ocean depths were formed later than the continents. Scientists instinctively react to protect their first principle, even though they never discuss it. This is certainly why they invented subduction even before they looked for evidence. They continue to hold to subduction even after the drill cores showed thin, layered, undisturbed sediments in the ocean trenches. (Millions of cubic kilometers of scrapped off seamounts and piled up oceanic oozes are MISSING from the alleged “subduction zones”). How could oceanic oozes force their way into the high pressure, molten interior of the earth and vanish without a trace? How could dense basalt force its way into the molten earth without leaving volcanic vents or scarps? Evidently the primordial earth was minuscule and has continually grown in size.

Proclus, the last of the pagan philosophers, lived in an age when there were several competing versions of science. He wrote: “No science demonstrates it own first principles or presents a reason for them; rather each holds them as self-evident, that is more evident than their consequences. The science knows them through themselves, and the later propositions through them. This is the way the natural scientist proceeds, positing the existence of motion and producing his ideas from a definite first principle. The same is true of the physician and of the expert in any other science or art. Whoever throws into the same pot his principles and their consequences disarranges his understanding completely by mixing up things that do not belong together. For a principle and what follows from it are by nature different from each other.” [4]

Look at the deep vistas of the ancient universe and you will be able to visually test the first principle of modern science.
[1] Plato’s Republic Book 7
[2] Aristotle’s Categories Book 5.
[3] Aristotle’s Metaphysics Book II Part 6  Translated W.D. Ross 1923
[4] Proclus A Commentary on the First Book of Euclid’s Elements translation by Glenn R. Marrow Princeton University Press 1970 page 62 .

Literal Creationist

I used to be a Young Earth Creationist but I discovered that I was biased. I was tailoring the Bible to fit science, which is why I am now a literalist, that is: a Changing Earth Creationist. Old Earth creationists also tailor biblical creation to fit their philosophical way of thinking. Both groups tailor with good intentions. They believe that they are defending and promoting the Bible but instead have driven millions away with their science.

I do not deny that science is practical within the domain it defines for itself, its mathematical definitions, measuring units and methods. Scientists have achieved remarkable local results (along with unintended bad consequences). However, no scientist, creationist or evolutionist, can accept the only history that is visible as it happened, galactic history. Evolutionists have invented a universe that is crammed full of undetectable magic to prevent what is visible from being so. Young Earthers close their minds to cosmic history. Some even claim God created an illusion. Old Earthers try to adapt the magical big bang to the Bible. Only a literal acceptance of the Genesis account fits the cosmic history visible in the light emitted in every part of the spectrum from billions of galaxies long ago.

In order to accept cosmic history as it visibly happened, you  must deal with the elementary assumption you were trained to think with as a child. You were taught to accept it implicitly. Implicit means it was implied though never directly expressed. The elementary assumption is accepted by faith without qualification or question by all scientifically minded peoples. What is it? The Bible predicts that in the last days mockers will come claiming all things remain the same. They will use this idea to obfuscate the age and history of the plural heavens. Indeed, all scientists have faith that the properties of matter are fixed, not emerging continually. 

It is a blind faith because we can see the past. Clocks that transmitted their signals from the past clocked different frequencies than those emitted by modern atoms. Even the clocked radio signals from Pioneer 10 and 11  kept on changing their clock rates relative to NASA hydrogen maser clocks of the moment. The Pioneer clocks changed frequency relative to distance at the same ratio (the Hubble ratio) that astronomers use to estimate a galaxy’s distance using its observed atomic clock rate.

Wait, says the scientist. Our system works. It works locally because scientists measure undetectable things that only exist in their minds. No one has ever seen a shred of visible evidence for the existence of mass, energy or time. As long as scientists measure symbolical versions of reality with symbolical measuring units contrived with atomic perpetual motion ideas, the system works in the domain of the symbols. Scientific earth histories, however, violate the genealogies and astronomical accounts of all ancient people. Scientific cosmic history is the greatest system of mythology ever invented by the fervent imagination of men. According to scientists a magical event created the universe when a tiny bit of vacuum exploded and created everything out of nothing. They allege that the vacuum of spacetime is stretching out, thereby pushing all galaxies away from each other. As the intergalactic vacuum expands, it stretches the light from all ancient atomic clocks so that their signals can fit the frequencies of modern perpetual motion atoms. They even claim to mathematically detect four times as much invisible matter as the natural kind because no galactic star stream follows their laws of physics. In some cases they speculate that 20 times as much invisible as visible matter is packed into galaxy clusters in order to force them to fit their assumption dependent laws of physics.

Only a literal interpretation of the Creation account fits the visible history of the universe. First Elohim finished creating all the heavens and the Earth. At that stage the Earth was formless, not extended in space. Then Elohim continued to command light to continue to be. Matter is not made of solid particles, but was formed as a relation with light. Half way through the creation week, Elohim continued to form the Sun, Moon and stars and continued to place them in the spreading place (Hebrew raqiya). We see with telescopes that the earliest galaxies were made of tohu bohu matter, naked and without starry arms. The ancient atomic clocks - clocked less than one tenth the frequencies emitted by modern atoms. We observe at many ranges how the stars spread out, accelerated out as they took up more volume concurrently as their atomic clocks also accelerated. We observe how billions of galaxies intrinsically grew into huge, local growth spirals as the properties of all matter kept on changing. The Biblical God commands us to lift up our eyes and see that He calls the stars to come out in unbroken continuity so that none go missing. We see with sight the creation and cosmic history described in the Bible, yet scientists continue to try to force the universe to fit their mathematical, atomic perpetual motion model. What glory He will get when He makes foolish the wise of this age, the scientists. He even warns believers not to be wise in this age because He is taking them with their own skills.

The first principle of science is an adaption to Aristotle's ideas made by medieval friars. The most notable of these were Friar Thomas d’Aquino and Friar John Duns Scotus (13th century). They laid the foundation for western science by speculating that the essence of substance is changeless. After centuries of Catholic training, westerners came to regard this assumption as self evident so it became the basis of modern empiricism. The Painting of Friar John Duns Scotus is by Justus van Gent sometimes around 1460 - 1480. Although Friar Scotus was regarded as a genius in his day, his hat (the dunce cap) centuries later was used to shame those who were considered stupid. Future generations will likely remember the  modern invisible universe as evidence for how dense people can become when they reason with  a blind creed - that the properties of matter are fixed, not emerging. 

Conditions after the Flood

The Hebrew word for flood suggests a flow, like a fire hose, which the Greek translators rendered as cataclysm. The Bible states that all the high hills were covered by the cataclysm.

According to the Bible, the water came from two places. The fountains of the great deep (tehom) were underground seas. Evidently when these broke up, fountains of water squirted out onto the surface crushing rock and depositing it in layers on the surface. The underground seas originated from the first part of the third day when water seeped underground, gathering into one place, so that the dry land appeared. Probably the sea that existed on Day Two was acidic and warm. As the water seeped down, it hollowed out a network of underground caverns. It was the collapsing of these that produced the crushed rock sediments that buried so many marine fossils on the continents. However, not all marine fossils were ejected violently onto the surface. Some were buried in their underground caverns in situ, such as we find in the Burgess shale fossils.

The source of the rain from the skies was the ejected water from the second creation day. All the major outer planets have ice around them. We observe the moon Enceladus ejecting an ice ring along its orbit right now today. The Earth gets hit by 20 house-sized snowballs every minute mostly on the leading hemisphere. These have been photographed both from space and with terrestrial telescopes since they absorb UV light as they streak down into the upper atmosphere.

Where did the flood waters go? According to Psalm 104, the waters ran down into a wide valley that formed as the mountains rose. The continents only fit together on a tiny planet without major seas. Have you ever wondered why it did not rain during the garden of Eden phase? No major surface seas existed in that era. Using crystals imbedded in oceanic basalt, we can compare the relative seafloor ages. The oldest sea is the Eastern Mediterranean, which is the first modern sea. Later the Pacific spread out and the gulf of Mexico began to form. The Atlantic is the youngest of the modern seas, slitting African from North and South America long after the Pacific had formed. Psalm 136:6 states that He continues to spread out the Earth above the waters due to His kindness. The layered undisturbed sediments in the “subduction trenches” clearly show that subduction is a scientific myth and that the Earth continues to grow in size, just like the Bible states three times.

The flood is the first event in history that is timed using months. The flood began on the seventeenth day of the second month. It rained for forty days but the waters were mighty (mead), vehement (gabar) and increase (rabah) for 150 days. The flood crested on the seventeenth day of the seventh month. Why is five months counted as 150 days instead of 147 or 148 days as five months would be today? The Bible clearly contradicts the notion of linear orbits or liner time. According to the Bible, the days and years of the son are shorter and worse than the days and years of the fathers (Genesis 47:9). Abraham and Isaac lived in an age when days and years had longer durations than during Jacob’s lifetime. Job describes the geological ages that passed during the few days of his life. For example, he uses the dried sea as a marker for his lifetime. Indeed, drill cores show that the Mediterranean repeatedly dried, leaving thick beds of gypsum, stromatolites and salt sandwiched between marine layers. Job ended his poem about the brevity of life by claiming their faces doubled before they died. Indeed the skull is the only part of our skeleton that keeps growing as we age. If we lived for geological ages, our faces would grow Neanderthal brows, which our grandchildren would not have. The fossils and the geological evidence support Job’s account.

It is important when trying to understand the Bible to accept the text literally in its grammatical and historical context. We must be careful to prevent our scientific bias from affecting how we read the text. Creation scientists are brothers in the faith, but they cannot accept the creation account literally. Why not? The Bible plainly states that Elohim continued to form the Sun, Moon and stars and continued to place them in the spreading place (Hebrew raqiya). Spreading orbits are by definition accelerating orbits. Scientists must believe in linear time because their measuring units and mathematical symbols were constructed on the assumption that the properties of matter are fixed, not emerging (see 2 Peter 3:3 - 6). No scientist, creationist or evolutionist, can accept visible cosmic history, even though it is in the ancient sky that we visually confirm the literal creation account. We need to take the text literally and accept the evidence in simplicity instead of tailoring all evidence to fit western science. The history of how the galaxies formed as the stars continued to spread out is the most powerful evidence for creation possible and reveals His great glory. What great glory He will get when He makes foolish the wisdom of this age, science.

The photo of a trilobite fossil from the Burgess Shale released under the GNU Free Documentation License by CC-BY-2.5 from Wikipedia.

Initial Conditions after Creation

What were the initial geological, astronomical and genetic conditions immediately after creation. We can only answer this question with generalities. The only place we confirm creation optically is in galactic history, which is visible in all parts of the spectrum back to near the beginning.

It is helpful to go through the steps of biblical Creation in order to estimate the initial conditions.

1. The Earth did not begin to have extension in space until Elohim continued to command light to continue to be. Indeed we confirm that light dithers around within matter giving it its various properties. Matter and light are a relationship as Ephesians 5:13 states, everything that is visible is light (matter was constructed with light).

2. The earth was completely covered with water. The water was separated into two distinct areas on the second period of light and dark. Some of the surface waters were ejected into space as an atmosphere formed in the intervening spreading place (raqiya). An example of how this likely happened is seen on the moon Enceladus which is forming an atmosphere as it continues to eject a ring of ice along its orbit.

3. On the first part of the third cycle of light and dark, water seeped down into the ground as the sea was enclosed within doors. The sea was tehom (mostly underground) which is likely why it did not rain during the garden phase. On the second part of the third day the ground began to sprout with plants which grew up into fully formed trees bearing seeds. Plants in that early era were evidently not insect pollinated.

4. The fourth day is the most important with respect to evidence. Psalm 19 states that knowledge of God’s glory is available to all in the plural heavens (the galaxies) the spreading place (raqiya). Only in the distant sky can we visually observe creation as it happened long ago. It was then that Elohim continued to form (not create) the Sun, Moon and stars and continued to place them in the spreading place (raqiya). Evidently he continued to form them out of the formless stuff He finished on the first day. We observe tiny globs of primordial matter shining at tiny fractions of the light frequencies of modern atoms wallpapering the distant sky. We observe how globs packed with stars came out from those ancient cores and kept on changing color as billions of galaxies (at many ranges) grew into huge, local, growth spirals. Other passages, such as in Isaiah, explain that the plural heavens continue to spread out in unbroken continuity, the stars continuing to come out with none going missing. We confirm the words of the Apostle Paul optically. He stated that the creation is enslaved to change and that this deterioration is an orderly arrangement. He illustrated the changing universe with two Greek together words. Things that change together change relationally. Every atom in the universe has continued to change relationally as we confirm in the light from long ago.

5. On the fifth day, at Elohim’s continued commands, the water formed living creatures that reproduced and swarmed and creatures that flew in the atmosphere. Also on the fifth day He created the great tanniym, the sea dinosaurs. These did not form at God’s command from the water since it states He specifically created them. Evidently they were special as their bones clearly reveal.

6. On the sixth day, Elohim continued to command the ground to continue to produce living creatures. He made another exception by specifically creating man and woman, the man from the ground and the woman from his side.

Genetically, many of the land animals were distinctly different in that era because there were no terrestrial carnivores. All land animals ate plants and fruit, as did men in that era. Later in Job the Lord claims He is the one who feeds the lion cubs their prey. In other words He guided the genetic variations that caused straw eating lions to change their digestive system to become carnivores.

Geologically, it did not rain and water flowed up out of the ground to water the whole face of the earth. There were no major surface seas, since the rivers divided as they flowed around the land. (Evidently they did not run into the seas as modern rivers do). Earth’s continents fit together on a tiny globe and the modern oceans are all younger than the land and continue to form and spread out along a global expansion seam. The Bible states three times that the Earth spreads out in unbroken continuity.

The picture of the growing earth is copyrighted by Michael Netzer, who allows anyone to use it for any purpose as long as he is identified as the artist. On the left panel we see how the Atlantic formed. On the right panel we see how the Pacific formed as the Earth continued to spread out.

Operational Definitions

Operational definitions use processes to identify abstract ideas. The ancients called the distance from the elbow to the middle finger a cubit. By counting the number of times one elbowed along an object, one could determine its dimension in cubits. Since arms vary in length, each person used their own private measuring unit. Eventually kings insisted that their subjects use royal cubits. This required the use of rods graduated with the length of the royal forearm, thumb and palm. Operational definitions allow one to measure real objects with graduated rods, although the definitions are entirely arbitrary.

The Babylonians operationally defined measuring units that only exist in symbolical spaces. They noticed that six equilateral triangles fit inside a circle with one corner of each triangle at the center. They divided the sides of these triangles into sixty equal parts, according to their sexagesimal number system. This allowed them to define a circle as 360 degrees. Using three hinged rods, one of which was graduated and another mounted with sights, they could measure star angles in symbolical, mathematical spaces. The Babylonian priests also measured “time” mathematically using angles between ecliptic stars. Their version of time changed speed since the length of the ecliptic varied from one location to another, from day to night and from summer to winter. Hundreds of years later, Ptolemy projected the Babylonian time angles onto the equator, which he called equinoctial hours. He calculated that an eclipse that occurred in the second year of Mardokempad (719BC) at midnight in Babylon, happened  5/6th of an equinoctial hour before midnight at Alexandria. The moon was obscured three digits from the south on that night almost two thousand seven hundred years ago.

Like the Babylonian idea that time is measured with angles, the modern clock-time definition allows scientists to engage the symbolical world of mathematics. It also allows them to  sidestep the issue of whether time actually exists. Scientists use clock-time to bootstrap thousands of other empirical units for distance, velocity and energy - upon which their laws of physics depend. 


Suppose we wanted to test the general theory of relativity. What kind of clock should we use for the test? We notice that the light from the Sun is slightly shifted in frequency with respect to hydrogen heated in a lab. We then observe that there are hundreds of billions of ancient galaxies crammed with quintillions of gleaming stars and that none of them (near or far) shine with the clock rates of lab atoms. The farthest galaxies we have analyzed to date shone at less than 1/10th the frequencies of modern atoms. Even locally calibrated  clocks, when they transmitted their clocks signals yesterday, do not track with today’s clocks. The radio signals from Pioneer 10 and 11 changed frequencies with distance (that is the past) relative to NASA’s hydrogen maser clocks of the moment. The ratio of distance to clock differences from the Pioneers approximated the Hubble ratio that scientists use to estimate the distance to galaxies using their observed light frequencies. When we compare galaxies at many ranges, we observe that, in general, ancient  atomic clocks ran much slower than modern atoms. So where do we find a linear clock with which to test the general theory?

Einstein defined time operationally “as what clocks measure.” He also admitted that clocks can change speed in a relative manner. He compared the varying speed of clocks to equation time, a version of time that can only be defined with an assumption. Einstein, like all scientists, held as dogma that atoms are intrinsically immutable and dither with perpetual motion.

Scientists “confirm” the general theory by claiming that space time is stretching out the vacuum of space. They speculate that as the vacuum expands, it alters the frequencies of all light passing through the void. They speculate that four times as much invisible matter exists as the natural kind. Why? None of the billions of galaxies is following their operationally defined versions of time or the laws of physics that depend on this definition. To preserve their immutable atoms, scientists have filled the universe up with invisible magic even as they claim to confirm the general theory.

How could scientists make such wild speculations? They started with an idea which today has the status of a dogma. The Bible predicted that in the last days mockers will obfuscate the age and history of the plural heavens with the notion that all things remain the same. Western science was contrived on that very assumption: that the “essence of substance is changeless.” Most precision, empirical measuring units and scientific methods rely on the notion that atoms are immutable and dither with perpetual motion. Their mathematical methods are conjectural because no perpetual motion atoms gleam from any ancient galaxy.

The most powerful evidence that supports biblical creation is how the creation is enslaved to change, exactly as the Bible states. We see in billions of ancient galaxies that none of them shone with the light frequencies of modern atoms. It was not just the atomic clocks that accelerated, the space matter takes up and its inertial properties continued to change relationally as galaxies intrinsically grew from tiny globs of tohu bohu substance as the stars accelerated out and spread out in the spreading place (Hebrew raqiya). This is what the Bible claims happened at creation and continues as the Creator call the stars to come out in unbroken continuity. Even the Earth follows a biblical geology. The Bible states three times that the earth spreads out in unbroken continuity. A global expansion seam runs through every ocean and the continents only fit together on a tiny globe without major surface oceans. The theory of subduction is a myth, since the subduction trenches contain layered undisturbed sediments.

How great will be the triumph of the Word of God over the scientists, those who operationally define things and never go back to test whether the definitions are based on a conjecture.

The picture shows a circle containing six equilateral triangles. To this day, we still imitate the priests of Marduk who used their sexagesimal number system to divide a circle into 360 parts.  We still define methods with which we speculate about how to “measure” time.

Scientific five-steps

The scientific method is commonly described as a four-step process.
Step 1. Observe and describe some phenomenon.
Step 2. Propose some hypothesis to explain the phenomenon causally and mathematically.
Step 3. Test the hypothesis mathematically and experimentally. Look for new phenomena predicted by the hypothesis. If experiments contradict the hypothesis, it must be modified.
Step 4. Scientists can only confirm the possible validity of a theory by repeatedly measuring, experimenting and mathematicating.

It is important to analyze every scientific theory by beginning at the assumption level. One particular assumption, the first principle, has a profound affect on scientific methods. A first principle is an elementary assumption that serves as a foundation for a science variant. Modern scientists never question their first principle since it must be assumed as self evident in order to even think scientifically. Scientific theories always start with the first principle of science, which is why scientists use this assumption as the first step in five-step scientific methods.

The Greek philosophers were the first to search for a first principle (arche) upon which to found a natural science. The problem they struggled with was the issue of change. In that era, everyone accepted as self evident that everything is changing. The Greeks understood that if everything is really changing, today’s versions of scientific truth would not be true in another era. The Greek language did not have separate words for being, essence, or substance and their present tense of the verb to be (einai) was not a static state. Something that “is” in Koine Greek continues to change because that is how their grammar worked. These impediments prevented the Greeks from inventing an empirical version of science. One of the pagan Greeks, Aristotle, tried to solve the issue of continuing change by proposing that something under (hypokeimenon) does not change even as everything physical is growing like a baby in the womb. Their language and metaphysics prevented the pagan Greeks from imagining modern scientific methods.
Fifteen hundred years later, Catholic meta-physicians adjusted Aristotle’s system to fit their concept of God, which resulted in new ideas about unchanging being. After centuries of Catholic indoctrination, Friar Thomas’ ideas became foundational to the western system. Eventually all westerners came to accept as self evident that the essence of all substance is changeless, that matter is not naturally and normally changing itself. Over the centuries, empiricists used this idea to operationally define concepts such as mass, energy and time and operational and circular ways to allegedly measure them. Scientists measure these undetectable entities mathematically by depending on the notion that today’s matter is identical to yesterday’s. Even their mathematical theories and constants were contrived with the modern dogma, that atoms are immutable and dither with perpetual motion. Scientist cannot question their first principle because it is the foundation for the other steps in their assumption dependent methods.

Galactic history is the only history that we observe exactly as it happened long ago. We observe in every part of the spectrum that the properties of matter change in an orderly and relational manner throughout cosmic history. Not a single ancient galaxies shines with the clock rates of modern atoms. NASA sent calibrated clocks far from the Earth on the spin stabilized Pioneers, Galileo and Ulysses. Their clock signals, transmitted from the past, continued to change relative to NASA’s hydrogen maser clocks of the moment and the differences increased with distance. The ratio of clock changes to distance from Pioneer 10 and 11 approximated the Hubble ratio that astronomers use to estimate the distance to a galaxy using its observed light clock rate. There is not a shred of evidence for atomic perpetual motion in the light from hundreds of billions of ancient galaxies. Yet the scientific empirical system depends on the blind acceptance of atomic perpetual motion.

The most powerful confirmation of the falsity of the scientific first principle is how galaxies evolved, how the stars spread out, accelerated out from the naked cores of ancient galaxies (whose atoms clocked tiny fractions of the light frequencies of modern atoms). The stars cannot continue to take up more volume, to accelerate outward in violation of every law of science, unless the properties of matter are emerging. What we see confirms the physics of the apostle Paul who explained that the creation is enslave to change. He described this degeneration as affecting the whole creation. He also used Greek together-verbs to describe how this corruption works. Things that change together change relationally.  We confirm with the light from long ago that matter continues to change its properties relationally throughout galactic history as galaxies grew from tiny naked globs into huge, local, dusty growth spirals. What we observe is the very thing the Biblical God claims is evidence for His glory. Isaiah quoted the Lord as claiming that He is the one who continues to call the stars to come out in unbroken continuity, yet no star goes missing. His glory is observed in the plural heavens (shamayim - in this context the galaxies) and the raqiya (the spreading place). It is in the visible way galaxies have evolved throughout cosmic history that evidence of His glory is available to all. We see that the atomic clocks accelerated along with the accelerating, outward moving star streams in countless galaxies. Look at the universe and be astonished at the wisdom of the Creator who even makes foolish the wise of this age, the scientists, for His great glory.

The graphic was created by the author and is released under a Creative Commons License.

HD10180 Planets

HD10180 is a sun-like star at a parallax distance of 127 +/- 2 light years. Astronomers used the HARPS instrument mounted on ESO’s 3.6-meter Chilean telescope to monitor periodic changes in the spectra of HD10180. They used the spectral shifts to calculate that nine planets orbit this star. The succession of planets seems to follow a geometrically increasing distance from the star.

Three hundred years ago astronomers first noticed that planet distances around the sun followed a geometrical progression. Fifty years later they noticed that the progression had a gap between Mars and Jupiter. Bode suggested that a planet should exist in the mathematical gap. In 1801 astronomers discovered the largest asteroid, Ceres, in the Titius-Bode “gap.” They eventually discovered thousands of shattered planet pieces orbiting where the sequence suggested that a planet should exist. Ancient records, including the Bible, mention the shattering of a planet just a few thousand years ago. In the biblical accounts, the shattered planet has a descriptive name that means stormy, mighty: rahab. In 1781, astronomers discovered the planet Uranus at the approximate distance that Bode’s sequence predicted a seventh planet. A logarithmic graph of the planet distances versus planet numbers plots as a straight line. The inner moons of Jupiter and the large moons of Uranus also show logarithmic spacing, although each system has its unique mathematical sequence.

What causes logarithmic patterns? If a bacterium regularly divides with unlimited food supply and no toxins or predators, the numbers will increase exponentially without bound. In the event of complex factors, the number of cells will likely grow logarithmically. Whenever you observe a logarithmic pattern, you also find continuing interrelated change. For example, snail shells, nautilus, spiral galaxies, tropical storms and water spiraling down a drain all have logarithmic spacings, growth spirals. Each of these patterns involves something that continues to grow or accelerate. Evidently the reason why many galaxies have a spiral shape is because they changed continually and incrementally. Indeed, we observe how the earliest galaxies were often naked, without starry appendages. At many ranges we observe how galaxies continued to change as the space matter takes up, its atomic frequencies and its inertial properties keep on changing relationally. Stars cannot spread out, accelerate out, grow into huge, local, growth spirals unless the properties of matter are emergent.

Why did our ancestors (including the biblical authors) mention close passages and the shattering of a nearby planet? Why did astronomers measure with angles a decreasing solar parallax over the centuries? The decreasing optical parallax to the Sun has continued even into the 21st century, fifty years after clocks and radar canonized the planet distances. Why have the planet orbits incrementally changed resulting in logarithmic spacings? We can see with sight that there are no perpetual motion atoms in billions of ancient galaxies. We observe how the atomic clocks keep on accelerating as the orbits also accelerate. What we see fits a biblical cosmic history and the biblical principle that the creation is enslaved to change.

The graph was created by the author and shows the logarithmic spacing for the suggested planets around the star HD10180 .