Is time linear?

For several centuries the Greek philosophers searched for a first principle to serve as a foundation for a natural science. They understood that a system of knowledge is based on an elementary assumption. Plato wrote, "For when a man knows not his own first principle, and when the conclusion and intermediate steps are also constructed out of he knows not what, how can he imagine that such a fabric of convention can ever become science?" First principles are hard to think about because they are fundamental, unprovable, elementary assumptions. 

The problem the philosophers struggled with was the issue of change. The fact that changes occur is evident to the senses. Trees grow, planets move, water freezes, people age and die. What change IS - is not evident to the senses. One kind of change, change in quality, is particularly difficult because some sort of substratum continues. For example, we change with age but our underlying identity remains. The ancient atomists claimed that atoms persisted unchanged even as everything made of atoms is wearing out with old age. They speculated that the indivisible atoms changed the way they moved, which causes everything to corrupt with age. The philosophers used paired words when talking about changes in quality (generation and corruption) & (coming-to-be or passing-away).

Modern physicists try to find unchanging causes, elements with unalterable qualities, to explain the processes of nature. Yet they never question whether unchanging things actually exist. For example, when scientists claim that the universe is 99% invisible, filled with vacuum spreading space-time and invisible matter, they do so because their foundational assumption is never in question. What foundational assumption? The Bible predicted science. In the last days, Peter wrote, mockers will come obfuscating the age of the plural heavens with their idea that all things remain the same. This prophecy has come true.

1. Scientists contrived their definitions of mass, energy and time with their notion that atoms are intrinsically immutable and dither with perpetual motion.

2. They contrived most of their measuring units, physical “constants” and physics laws with their notion that atoms dither with perpetual motion.

The Bible is utterly unscientific, yet we confirm its version of creation and cosmic history because we see the past exactly as it existed long ago. The Bible states that God created the plural heavens (the galaxies) first. The primordial earth was without form, without extension in space, until Elohim continued to command light to continue to be. Later Elohim continued to form the Sun, Moon and stars and to place them in the raqiya, the spreading place. We observe how matter continues to take form, coming-to-be as a relation with light, at many ranges all over the universe. Many early galaxies were tiny and naked, without starry arms. We often observe a bright flash of light arriving from the periphery of primordial galaxies. We also observe how galactic shapes grew as the stars spread out from formerly naked cores. We observe at many ranges how billions of galaxies intrinsically grew into huge growth spirals. Not a single one of those ancient galaxies shines with the light frequencies of modern atoms. Even in our own galaxy we sometimes observe knotted jets emerging and expanding. Scientists have filled the universe up with undetectable, magical things (like black holes and vacuums that spread light) to protect their blind creed that the properties of matter are fixed, not emerging.

He commands you to lift up your eyes and look at the plural heavens, the spreading place, where His glory is revealed. The galaxy on the left is the primordial spiral Hubble Ultra Deep Field 3180. The arms of this galaxy are made of distinct clumps that shine at bluer colors than the core. The galaxy on the right is HUDF 5805 that also has distinct clumps in its emerging arms. The light from both these ancient galaxies shines at less than half the frequencies of modern atoms.

Scientifically minded creationists struggle with the evidence for the age of the universe. They desperately try to fit the universe to the western concept of linear clocks and clock-like orbits. Yet we can see that clocks and orbits have been accelerating throughout cosmic history. Look at the heavens with sight, instead of an assumption, and you will see how completely the Word of God will vanquish western science.