Standard astronomical theories claim that stars formed as clouds of gas gravitated into proto stars that grew into full sized stars. However, we always observe the opposite, gases streaming out from the Sun, sometimes in coronal mass ejections. [Occasionally we do observe a small dense comet made of rock and ice crashing into the Sun. This is not what scientists refer to as accretion.] The problem with accretion theories is that once a star’s nuclear fires start, there is a steady outward flow that prevents external gases from falling inwards. Yet astronomers insist that stars are born and grow within condensing clouds. They often draw pictures of a tail of gas spiraling into a binary companion or a black hole. The fanciful drawings are not supported by any visible evidence.
The notion that stars are born and die as they attract external gas is built into most astronomical stories. Type 1A supernova are supposed to happen in binary systems as one star siphons gas from its companion until it becomes so massive that it explodes. SN 2011fe was a type 1A explosion first observed on August 24, 2011 in the Pinwheel galaxy. It is listed as a Type 1A supernova because of the heavy elements in the spectra. However, neither a progenitor dwarf nor a normal companion are visible in pre explosion images taken with the Hubble Telescope. Despite the absence of precursor stars, astronomers continue to promote accretion theories. This should be expected. Modern cosmic histories are supported almost entirely by invisible evidence. After all, scientists claim the universe is made up of four times as much invisible matter as the natural kind. They even claim that an invisible vacuum stretching force is the predominant process that forms our universe, stretching light and pushing galaxies away from each other. Scientists even admit that their universe is 99% invisible.
Recently astronomers used optical interferometry to image SS Leporis with the four Paranal VLT telescopes. Interferometry uses software to combine the light from different telescopes to resole bright, nearby objects to within 0.001 arc seconds. The two SS Leporis stars orbit each other with a period of 260 days. The pictures are artificially colored to fit the theories that one is blue and the other red. Astronomers explain that the blue shading between the stars in the first frame is an imaging artifact (evidently an Airy pattern) NOT a picture of gas flowing out from one star to the other. In fact, astronomers admit that the pictures were remarkable for their absence of evidence that gas siphons from one star to another.
If stars did not form by accretion, then how did they form? The Bible states that God created (completed action) the plural heavens and the Earth first. Evidently the plural heavens mentioned on the first day were the galaxies that were formed first. At first the earth was without form, although the text twice mentions its surface (paniym). Then Elohim continued to command light to continue to be. It was then that matter began to have extension in space as a relation with light. Half way through the creation week, Elohim continued to form the stars (evidently from the formless substances that began to receive form on Day One). He continued to place the Sun, Moon and stars in the raqiya (the spreading place). Over the centuries, astronomers have measure a decreasing optical parallax to the Sun as though the solar system is gradually expanding. Spreading orbits are by definitions accelerating orbits. The Bible also mentions three times that the Earth spreads out in unbroken continuity. Indeed, the continents only fit together on a tiny globe and young sea floor continues to form along a global expansion sea that runs through every ocean.
How can we test which version of cosmic history is valid, scientific accretion or biblical spreading stars, Earth and Moon? The only history that is visible as it happened is galactic history. We observe that the earliest galaxies were often naked. Those ancient galaxies shone at tiny fractions of the light frequencies of modern hydrogen. At closer ranges we observe that matter from galactic cores ejected in pulsed streams, often seen in equally spaced chains. Visibly, the stars spread out, moved out, took up more space as matter expanded and increased its light frequencies. What causes a Type 1A supernova to spring from undetectable point sources? Evidently we are observing formless matter taking on form as a relation with light. The Bible uses an imperfect verb (incomplete action) for the finishing of the heavens and Earth. Evidently Elohim continues to command light to give extension to tohu bohu substances.
Biblical physics is not based on the assumptions that serve as the foundation for science. It is based on the literal words of the Bible that state that the creation is enslaved to change (Greek phthora). We observe with sight in all parts of the light spectrum that the properties of matter continue to emerge, changing relationally throughout cosmic history. Paul used Greek words for an orderly submission and together actions to describe this universal corruption. (Romans 8:19 - 22). Things that change in an orderly, together manner, change relationally. In billions of galaxies at many ranges we observe that matter changes relationally throughout cosmic history as galaxies grew from the insides outward.
Someone might insist, galaxies cannot grow in just 6,000 years? Look at the universe with sight instead of adjusting everything to fit linear clock ideas and notions about immutable atoms. We observe in billions of galaxies that all ancient atomic clocks pulsed at tiny fractions of the frequencies of modern atoms. We also observe that billions of galaxies intrinsically grew from the insides outwards. Read more evidence for a biblical version of cosmic history here: http://www.godsriddle.info/2011/11/linear-time.html The pictures are computer generated images from the Very Large Telescope’s Interferometry of SS Lepris courtesy of ESO instruments PIONIER and IPAG.
